l 被动语态

　　1. 一般现在时的被动语态：

　　承受者+be{is/am/are +done（过去分词） by+执行者 .

　　E.g.： Many schools are built（done） every year in the city.

韩企、日企定向培养 北京理工大学校本部招生   中国人民大学计划外 北京文理研修学院招生

　　note： ｛地点状语，时间状语一般都放在句末；in the city 特指

　　其中 be 的使用取决于主语的单复形式。

　　A lot of修饰可数和不可数名词

　　Many修饰可数名词

　　Mach修饰不可数名词

　　主动： They all read（原形） English every day.

　　被动：English read （过去分词）by all of them every day.

　　主动：Mother often scolds me.

　　被动：I am often scolded by mother.

　　2. 一般过去式的被动语态：

　　承受者+be{was/were +done（过去分词） by+执行者 （不明确可省略）。

　　E.g.： 主动：He repaired his bike yesterday.

　　被动：His bike was repaired by him yesterday.

　　主动：Children cleaned many streets last Sunday.

　　被动：Many streets were cleaned by children last Sunday.

　　3. 现在进行时的被动语态：

　　承受者+be{is/am/are being（现在分词）done by+执行者 （不明确可省略）。

　　E.g. 主动： He is writing his composition.

　　被动：His composition is being written by him.

　　Note： write/wrote/wtitten

　　4. 过去进行时的被动语态：

　　承受者+be{was/were｝ being（现在分词）done by+执行者 （不明确可省略）。

　　E.g. 主动：He was majoring computer during his college.

　　被动：Computer was being majored by him during his college.

　　5. 将来时的被动语态：

　　承受者+｛be going to/will/shall（be动词原形）/be to｝be done by+执行者 （不明确时可省略）。

　　E.g.1 A big supermarket will/shall/be to be built here next year

　　Note ： be to ：计划或安排好的动作或行为。

　　E.g.2 The flight is to leave for Hefei city.

　　6. 现在完成时的被动语态：

　　承受者+have（复数主语）/has been done by+执行者 （不明确可省略）

　　E.g. 主动：Our School has finished many scientific researches.

　　被动：Many scientific researches have been finished by our school.

　　7. 将来时态的被动语态：

　　承受者+｛be going to/will/shall/be to｝have been done by+执行者

　　E.g. 主动：We‘ ll have finished the book by the end of September.

　　被动： The book will/shall have been finished by the end of September

　　Note： by the end of 短语的用法

　　（1） Will have done by the end of +将来时态

　　（2） Had done by the end of +过去完成时态

　　E.g. The project had been made by the end of last week.