| （三）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1）The doctor advised that Mr.Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life.（1998.6）
A.had
B.was going to
C.have
D.would have
2）His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out.（1999.6）
A.put on
B.puts on
C.to put
D.putting on
3）Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college.（2000.6）
A.could study
B.studied
C.had studied
D.would study
4）It is desirable that he _____ .（2000.6）
A.gives up trying
B.give up trying
C.would give up trying
D.is going to give up trying
5）I am too busy these days.I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.（2002.6）
A.come
B.would come
C.came
D.have come
6）The general's command is that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important tasks.（2002.6）
A.would leave
B.leave
C.left
D.have left
7）It's urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.（2003.4）
A.will be arranged
B.must be arranged
C.be arranged
D.would be arranged
8）Let's finished our homework in a few seconds; it's time we _____ .
A.played football
B.will play football
C.play football
D.are playing football
9）It's vital that enough money _____ collected to get the project started.
A.is
B.be
C.must be
D.can be
「答案」CACBC BCAB
「评析」 外语教育网版权所有www.for68.com
与以上两种虚拟语气句式不同，这里虚拟语气中时态的变化比较少，主要依据所处的句型。考生所需要的是了解在哪些情况下用这种句式，测试中考生只需从四个选项中辨认答案即可。该部分所包含的句型有：
① 表示"命令""建议"或"要求"的动词后面的宾语从句中用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。常用于该句型的动词有direct, order, command, require, ask, request, demand, insist, suggest, recommend, advise等。
这里句型的考题中，一般都会有would, must等干扰项，正确选项以省略should者居多，如1）和2）。
1）The doctor advised that Mr.Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life.（1998.6）
A.had
B.was going to
C.have
D.would have
答案：C
2）His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out.（1999.6）
A.put on
B.puts on
C.to put
D.putting on
答案：A
并且常是not do something, 或be的形，尤其是 not be done的形式。如：
Mike's uncle insists ____ in this hotel.
A.staying not
B.not to stay
C.that he would not stay
D.that he not stay
答案：D
It is recommended that the project _____ until all the preparations have been made.
A.is not started
B.will not be started
C.not be started
D.is not to be started
答案：C
As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures ____ for our defense.
A.had been taken
B.would be taken
C.be taken
D.to be taken
答案：C
另外这类考题还常借助于动词本身的句法结构设干扰项。如insist后可接doing something, being done或 on doing something的结构，suggest后也可接动名词。
注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
（错）You pale face suggests that you （should）be ill.
（对）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
② 表示"命令""建议"或"要求"的名词后面的同位语或表语从句中同样是用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。
与上面一条相同，表示这些概念的名词如suggestion, advice, order, proposal等后面的that从句中虚拟语气使用规则相同，如6）中都是that引导的表语从句中使用should + 原形动词，should省略的结构。
6）The general's command is that the soldiers ____ their fort and carry out more important tasks.（2002.6）
A.would leave
B.leave
C.left
D.have left
答案：B
再如： 外语教育网版权所有www.for68.com
We are all for your proposal that the discussion ____.
A.be put off
B.was put off
C.should put off
D.is to be out off
答案：A
The suggestion that the mayor ________the prizes was accepted by everyone.
A.would present
B.present
C.presents
D.ought to present
答案：B
③ It is + 表示"重要，有必要，吃惊，难以相信"的名词或形容词，或表示"命令""建议""要求"的过去分词 + that 从句中用should + 原形动词，should可以省略。
这一句型可分解为
It is important/necessary/vital/advisable/essential ……that … （should）
It is strange/surprising/unbelievable … that … （should）
It is suggested/requested/recommended … that … （should）…
这些句型一律使用should + 原形动词的结构，should可以省略，如4）、9）题
4）It is desirable that he ______ .（2000.6）
A.gives up trying
B.give up trying
C.would give up trying
D.is going to give up trying
答案：B
9）It's vital that enough money ______ collected to get the project started.
A.is
B.be
C.must be
D.can be
答案：B
再如：
It is essential that these application forms ____ back as early as possible.
A.must be sent
B.will be sent
C.are sent
D.be sent
答案：D
It is recommended that the project _____ until all the preparations have been made.
A.is not started
B.will not be started
C.not be started
D.is not to be started
答案：C
④ wish
wish 后面的从句时态可以有以下几种情况
表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时：
How I wish I had a memory as good as yours.
表示与现在正在进行的事情相反可用过去进行时，如：
Sometimes I wish I ____ in a different time and a different place.（2000.1）
A.be living
B.were living
C.would live
D.would have lived
答案：B 外语教育网版权所有www.for68.com
表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，也可以用could have done 的形式，如3）。
I wish I ____ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A.could have slept
B.slept
C.might have slept
D.have slept
答案：A
由于might表示"也许"，与这里的意思不合，只能用A.
表示将来不可能实现的情况用would/might + 原形动词。
How I wish you would be able to come here for another visit.
⑤ If only 表示愿望时与wish用法相同。再如：
If only that photograph weren't missing.
If only the letter had arrived in time.
⑥ would rather
该句型中多用相当于过去式的形式。如果表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，否则用一般过去时。在如以下各题：
1）The manager would rather his daughter _____ in the same office.
A.had not worked
B.not to work
C.does not work
D.did not work
答案：D
2）To be frank, I'd rather you ____ in the case.
A.will not be involved
B.not involved
C.not to be involved
D.were not involved
答案：D
3）You don't have to be in such a hurry.I would rather you ____ on business first.
A.would go
B.will go
C.went
D.have gone
答案：C
4）Frankly speaking, I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.
A.didn't do
B.haven't done
C.don't do
D.have done
答案：A
5）I'd rather you ____ make any comment on the issue for the time being.
A.don't
B.wouldn't
C.didn't
D.shouldn't
答案：C
⑦ It's （about/high）time that …
该句型中一般用一般过去时，如8），再如：
"You are very selfish.It's high time you ____ that you are not the most important person in the world," Edgar said to his boss angrily.
A.realized
B.have realized
C.realize
D.should realized
答案：A
（四）状语从句中的虚拟语气
状语从句中的虚拟语气主要指as if/though从句中的虚拟语气，首先请同学们做一下下面三道题：
1）He walked past the pole and soldiers as if they ______.
A.didn't exist
B.don't exist
C.hadn't existed
D.were not existing
2）He operates the new computer as if he _____ special training in it.
A.has received
B.had received
C.would receive
D.received
3）They talked in such an uneasy manner as if something terrible ______soon.
A.had happened
B.happened
C.would happen
D.has happened
「答案」ABC
「评析」 外语教育网版权所有www.for68.com
谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气的状语从句一般是由as if/as though引导。该从句中时态的选择原则是：
① 如果从句中谓语动词与主句谓语动词同时进行，用过去进行时；
② 如果从句中谓语动词表示与主句谓语动词同时存在的状态，用一般过去时，如1）。
1）He walked past the pole and soldiers as if they ______.
A.didn't exist
B.don't exist
C.hadn't existed
D.were not existing
答案：A
③ 如果从句中谓语动词表示先于主句谓语动词的动作或状态，用过去完成时，如2）。
2）He operates the new computer as if he _____ special training in it.
A.has received
B.had received
C.would receive
D.received
答案：B
④ 如果从句中谓语动词后于主句谓语动词发生，用would/might + 原形动词。
3）They talked in such an uneasy manner as if something terrible ______soon.
A.had happened
B.happened
C.would happen
D.has happened
答案：C |
