32．If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
[句子主干]If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be…, a refinement of the …
[语法难点]
有省略。该句是一个主从复合句，总体轮廓是“If+条件从句+主句”。在主句中，“a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory”是“yet another scientific idea”的同位语，其中“called the inflationary universe theory”是过去分词短语，作“a refinement of the Big Bang”的定语。
[句子翻译]
假如那些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。
[翻译技巧]
正确处理同位语短语是翻译题中的难点之一。这主要是如何安排语序才更符合汉语表达习惯的问题。一般来说，若同位语成分较短，直接在插入位置翻译即可。对于较长的同位语成分，一般应该处理成一个独立的简单句。refinement应该译成“提炼，改进”，不要译成“修正，精华，最新理论”等等。the inflationary universe theory应该译成“宇宙膨胀理论”，不能译成“宇宙流动理论”云云。

33．Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
[句子主干]Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is…, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for…
[语法难点]
有倒装。该句的结构是“though引导的状语从句＋主句”，其中，让步状语从句又用了倒装形式，正常语序应该是though it sounds odd，主句是由and 连接的两个并列分句。
[句子翻译]
宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。
[翻译技巧]
从句中的it指代的是主句的主语cosmic inflation，按照汉语习惯，应在从句中先译出来。而且汉语中尽量避免像英语中那么频繁地使用人称代词。一般说来，将它所替代的实际内容翻译出来为好。本句中的两个it均指宇宙膨胀理论。scientifically plausible consequence应该译为“在科学上令人信服的推论”，避免如下错误译法“自豪的结果，相应的部分，称道的结果”。for the better part of a decade= for more than half of a decade，实为“十年中的一大半”，故可译为“七八年”。

34. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary--the dangers of drug interactions, for example--and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
[句子主干]   
While warnings are often appropriate and necessary…and many are required by…, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from…
[语法难点]
有并列从句。该句的难点在于转折状语从句很长，使主句的主谓结构it isn’t clear that…较难发现。while分句是由and连接的两个并列结构构成的，第一个并列成分中间还插有由两个破折号包住的插入成分，即“the dangers of drug interactions, for example”。
[句子翻译]
虽然警示语通常是合理和必要的，如有关药物可能产生副作用可能产生危害的警示语，而且许多警示语是州和联邦法律要求的。但是，如果消费者受到伤害，这些警示语能否使产销商免于责任还很难说。
[翻译技巧]
注意drug interactions应该译为“药物的副作用”。require应该译为“要求”。由于句子已经很长，所以把主句和从句分开，用两句话分别表达。

35. At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry       substantial weight-issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. "
[句子主干]
At the same time, the American Law Institute…issued new guidelines for tort law stating that…
[语法难点]
“at the same time”是状语成分，破折号内的成分是补充说明“the American Law Institute”，实际上如果没有破折号，而用逗号分开就是句子的同位语成分。“tort law stating that…”这是宾语从句，后面的内容是“tort law”的内容。
[句子翻译]
同时，美国法学会--该学会由一些举足轻重的法官、律师和学者组成--宣布的新民事侵害法规定：公司没有必要警告消费者显而易见的危险，或者就可能产生的危险向他们提供一个长长的清单。
[翻译技巧]“tort law”指“民事侵权法”，academics是指“学者”。

36．The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.
[句子主干]   
 The examples of…show that …with the right mix of…
[语法难点]
本句为简单句，但包含了不少并列的列举成分，阅读的时候要注意适当地跳跃。“with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will..”是状语结构，修饰的是“a Website selling the right kind of products”,是对后者的补充说明。
[句子翻译]    
Virtual Vineyards和Amazon.com以及其他开拓者的例子表明：销售对路产品的网站，加上互相合作、礼貌周到、安全可靠这几方面恰倒好处地结合起来，同样地也能吸引顾客。
[翻译技巧]
“with the right mix of”表示“把……好处结合起来”。“interactivity”“hospitality”“security”分别译为“相互合作”，“热情周到”，“安全可靠”。

37．But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, It was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education.
[句子主干]
But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for…until…, it was widely accepted that…
[语法难点]
有并列从句。该句是典型的主从复合句。从句成分出现在until引导的条件状语从句和“widely accepted that…”后面的宾语从句。
[句子翻译]
但是情况并不总是如此，在法律规定某个年龄的所有孩子必须在学校学习之前，人们普遍认为有些孩子本性上是不适合接受这种教育的。
[翻译技巧]
“this was not the case”是英语的常用用法，译为“情况并非如此”。It was widely accepted that译为“被普遍认为”。“equipped by nature pursue”应译为“本性上不适于……”，不要译为“不具有天生的品质”，这样才更顺畅。